
United Nations' Vision and Framework for Global AI Governance
The United Nations (UN) acknowledges the transformative impact of artificial intelligence (AI) and its potential to advance inclusivity and support the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). However, the UN emphasizes the need for ethical governance to address challenges such as data privacy, bias, and transparency. The Secretary-General's High-Level Advisory Body on AI has produced a framework for global AI governance, proposing international cooperation to mitigate risks while harnessing AI's benefits. This framework includes establishing an international scientific panel on AI to assess capabilities and risks, creating a global policy dialogue for best practices, and developing an AI standards exchange for common definitions. It also suggests a capacity development network to assist researchers and entrepreneurs, along with a global fund to bridge the AI divide among nations. The UN stresses the urgency for coordinated regulation, given that only a minority of countries are engaged in AI governance initiatives. The global nature of AI necessitates a collective approach to prevent inequalities. Without regulation, AI poses threats to international peace, security, and democracy, including the spread of misinformation and the potential misuse of autonomous weapons systems, which require immediate attention from the international community.

The UN Pact for the Future: Context, Timeline and Realistic Assessment
The "Pact for the Future" was adopted by world leaders at the United Nations Summit of the Future on September 22, 2024, representing a significant reimagining of global multilateral cooperation. Rooted in UN Secretary-General António Guterres's "Our Common Agenda" report from 2021, the Pact emerged from extensive negotiations aimed at addressing modern challenges and strengthening international collaboration. It includes 56 actions and two key annexes: the Global Digital Compact, which lays out a framework for digital cooperation and AI governance, and the Declaration on Future Generations, which emphasizes youth participation in decision-making. The Pact's primary goal is to create a fair multilateral system that promotes sustainable development, peace, and security, while also addressing the needs of marginalized voices, particularly from developing nations. Implementation begins immediately, with follow-up mechanisms scheduled, including high-level reviews in 2027 and 2028. The Pact builds on historical international governance efforts, following the 1972 Stockholm Declaration and the 1992 Rio Declaration, focusing on environmental and developmental principles that have shaped global efforts since then.